Menopausia. 25 No. 1

El Tamoxifeno y el Raloxifeno Reducen el Riesgo de Cáncer de Mama

A Asociación Colombiana de Menopausia

¿Cómo encaja la evidencia con el entendimiento biológico?

El tamoxifeno y el raloxifeno

El tamoxifeno y el raloxifeno son moduladores de RE selectivos que inhiben las RE en el tejido mamario y reducen el riesgo de cáncer de mama positivo a RE al bloquear la proliferación de células epiteliales sensibles al estrógeno donde se puede desarrollar cáncer de mama. Dichos medicamentos han sido aprobados por la Administración de Drogas y Alimentos de los Estados Unidos. Para la reducción del riesgo de cáncer de mama.

Los inhibidores de la aromatasa inhiben la conversión de andrógeno a estrógeno y pueden reducir el riesgo de cáncer de mama ER-positivo al disminuir la cantidad de estrógeno disponible para unirse a las células epiteliales sensibles al estrógeno.

Los inhibidores de la aromatasa han sido evaluados para la reducción del riesgo de cáncer de mama en ensayos clínicos. Aunque se utilizan principalmente para el tratamiento en lugar de la reducción del riesgo de cáncer primario. De igual manera, los inhibidores de la aromatasa no están aprobados actualmente por la Administración de Medicamentos y Alimentos de los Estados Unidos. Para la reducción del riesgo de cáncer de mama primario.92-93

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11. Goldvaser H, Barnes TA, Šeruga B, et al. Toxicity of extended adjuvant therapy with aromatase inhibitors in early breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018;110(1).
12. Cuzick J, Forbes JF, Sestak I, et al; International Breast Cancer Intervention Study I Investigators. Long-term results of tamoxifen prophylaxis for breast cancer—96-month follow-up of the randomized IBIS-I trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99(4):272-82.
13. Powles TJ, Ashley S, Tidy A, Smith IE, Dowsett M. Twenty-year follow-up of the Royal Marsden randomized, double-blinded tamoxifen breast cancer prevention trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99(4):283-90.
14. Cuzick J, Sestak I, Cawthorn S, et al; IBIS-I Investigators. Tamoxifen for prevention of breast cancer: extended long-term follow-up of the IBIS-I breast cancer prevention trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(1):67-75.
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16. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160(4):271-81.
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22. Armstrong K, Quistberg DA, Micco E, Domchek S, Guerra C. Prescription of tamoxifen for breast cancer prevention by primary care physicians. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(20):2260-5.
23. Smith SG, Sestak I, Forster A, et al. Factors affecting uptake and adherence to breast cancer chemoprevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol. 2016;27(4):575-90.
24. Fagerlin A, Zikmund-Fisher BJ, Nair V, et al. Women’s decisions regarding tamoxifen for breast cancer prevention: responses to a tailored decision aid. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010;119(3):613-20.
25. Melnikow J, Paterniti D, Azari R, et al. Preferences of Women Evaluating Risks of Tamoxifen (POWER) study of preferences for tamoxifen for breast cancer risk reduction. Cancer. 2005;103(10):1996-2005.
26. McKay A, Martin W, Latosinsky S. How should we inform women at higher risk of breast cancer about tamoxifen? An approach with a decision guide. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2005;94(2):153-9.
27. Paterniti DA, Melnikow J, Nuovo J, et al. «I’m going to die of something anyway»: women’s perceptions of tamoxifen for breast cancer risk reduction. Ethn Dis. 2005;15(3):365-72.
28. Fagerlin A, Dillard AJ, Smith DM, et al. Women’s interest in taking tamoxifen and raloxifene for breast cancer prevention: response to a tailored decision aid. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2011;127(3):681-8.
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Asociación Colombiana de Menopausia

La Revista Colombiana de Menopausia es una publicación oficial de la Asociación Colombiana de Menopausia Resolución Mingobierno Núm. 107 de 1995. El contenido conceptual de los artículos incluidos en la revista es responsabilidad exclusiva de los autores.

Anterior Siguiente

¿Cómo encaja la evidencia con el entendimiento biológico?

El tamoxifeno y el raloxifeno

Referencias

1. National Cancer Institute. SEER cancer stat facts: female breast cancer. https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/breast.html This link goes offsite. Click to read the external link disclaimer. Accessed December 19, 2018.

2. American Cancer Society. Cancer facts & figures 2018. https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancerfacts-figures/cancer-facts-figures-2018.html This link goes offsite. Click to read the external link disclaimer. Accessed December 19, 2018.

3. National Cancer Institute. The Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool. https://bcrisktool.cancer.gov/This link goes offsite. Click to read the external link disclaimer. Accessed December 19, 2018.

4. Freedman AN, Yu B, Gail MH, et al. Benefit/risk assessment for breast cancer chemoprevention with raloxifene or tamoxifen for women age 50 years or older. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(17):2327-33.

6. Travis LB, Hill D, Dores GM, et al. Cumulative absolute breast cancer risk for young women treated for Hodgkin lymphoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97(19):1428-37.

7. Kuchenbaecker KB, Hopper JL, Barnes DR, et al. Risks of breast, ovarian and contralateral breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. JAMA. 2017;317(23):2402-16.

9. National Cancer Institute. BRCA mutations: cancer risk and genetic testing. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causesprevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet This link goes offsite. Click to read the external link disclaimer. Accessed December 19, 2018.

11. Goldvaser H, Barnes TA, Šeruga B, et al. Toxicity of extended adjuvant therapy with aromatase inhibitors in early breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018;110(1).

12. Cuzick J, Forbes JF, Sestak I, et al; International Breast Cancer Intervention Study I Investigators. Long-term results of tamoxifen prophylaxis for breast cancer—96-month follow-up of the randomized IBIS-I trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99(4):272-82.

13. Powles TJ, Ashley S, Tidy A, Smith IE, Dowsett M. Twenty-year follow-up of the Royal Marsden randomized, double-blinded tamoxifen breast cancer prevention trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99(4):283-90.

14. Cuzick J, Sestak I, Cawthorn S, et al; IBIS-I Investigators. Tamoxifen for prevention of breast cancer: extended long-term follow-up of the IBIS-I breast cancer prevention trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(1):67-75.

15. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for breast cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164(4):279-96.

16. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160(4):271-81.

17. National Cancer Institute. Breast cancer prevention (PDQ®)–patient version. https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/patient/breast-prevention-pdq This link goes offsite. Click to read the external link disclaimer. Accessed December 19, 2018.

18. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. What can I do to reduce my risk of breast cancer? https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/basic_info/prevention.htm This link goes offsite. Click to read the external link disclaimer. Accessed December 19, 2018.

19. Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium. Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium Risk Calculator. https://tools.bcsc-scc.org/bc5yearrisk/calculator.htm This link goes offsite. Click to read the external link disclaimer. Accessed December 19, 2018.

20. Kaplan CP, Haas JS, Pérez-Stable EJ, Des Jarlais G, Gregorich SE. Factors affecting breast cancer risk reduction practices among California physicians. Prev Med. 2005;41(1):7-15.

21. Corbelli J, Borrero S, Bonnema R, et al. Use of the Gail model and breast cancer preventive therapy among three primary care specialties. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2014;23(9):746-52.

22. Armstrong K, Quistberg DA, Micco E, Domchek S, Guerra C. Prescription of tamoxifen for breast cancer prevention by primary care physicians. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(20):2260-5.

23. Smith SG, Sestak I, Forster A, et al. Factors affecting uptake and adherence to breast cancer chemoprevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol. 2016;27(4):575-90.

24. Fagerlin A, Zikmund-Fisher BJ, Nair V, et al. Women’s decisions regarding tamoxifen for breast cancer prevention: responses to a tailored decision aid. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010;119(3):613-20.

25. Melnikow J, Paterniti D, Azari R, et al. Preferences of Women Evaluating Risks of Tamoxifen (POWER) study of preferences for tamoxifen for breast cancer risk reduction. Cancer. 2005;103(10):1996-2005.

26. McKay A, Martin W, Latosinsky S. How should we inform women at higher risk of breast cancer about tamoxifen? An approach with a decision guide. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2005;94(2):153-9.

27. Paterniti DA, Melnikow J, Nuovo J, et al. «I’m going to die of something anyway»: women’s perceptions of tamoxifen for breast cancer risk reduction. Ethn Dis. 2005;15(3):365-72.

28. Fagerlin A, Dillard AJ, Smith DM, et al. Women’s interest in taking tamoxifen and raloxifene for breast cancer prevention: response to a tailored decision aid. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2011;127(3):681-8.

29. Gail MH, Brinton LA, Byar DP, et al. Projecting individualized probabilities of developing breast cancer for white females who are being examined annually. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1989;81(24):1879-86.

30. Adams-Campbell LL, Makambi KH, Palmer JR, Rosenberg L. Diagnostic accuracy of the Gail model in the Black Women’s Health Study. Breast J. 2007;13(4):332-6.

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